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Essay

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In the nuclear genome, a ___1____ means a unique location for A DNA sequence. At each diploid ___1____ a person has inherited two ___2____ , one that is paternally inherited and one that is maternally inherited. If the maternal and paternal ___2____ are identical, the person is said to be ____3____ at that ____1____, but if the maternal and paternal _____2_____ differ by even a single nucleotide, the person is said to be ____4_____ at that locus. Whereas women have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes, men have 22 pairs of autosomal homologs but very different sex chromosomes. As a result, most of the DNA sequences on the X and on the Y chromosomes do not have a counterpart on the other sex chromosome. A ___1____on the X chromosome in men often, therefore, has just a maternal ____2____ , and most loci on the Y have just a paternal ____2____ allele. At loci like these, a man would be said to be _____5_____.