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Essay

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The ends of linear chromosomes have specialized nucleoprotein structures known as ____1_____. The DNA component of a ____1_____ consists of short ____2____ repeats that have been highly ____3_____ during evolution. In humans and other vertebrates the DNA repeat is a hexanucleotide, with the sequence ____4_____. As a result, one of the two DNA strands is rich in guanines (G-rich) and one that is rich in cytosines (C-rich). At the very end of the ___1____ DNA, the G-rich strand has about 30 repeats that are ____5____. This short ____5____ overhang is able to bend backwards to base pair with complementary repeat sequences on the C-strand (after displacing the G-rich strand over a short region). The resulting structure, known as a ___6____ protects the ____1____ DNA from natural cellular _____7_____ that naturally remove some nucleotides from broken DNA strands during DNA repair.