A 19-Year-Old Female with Type 1 DM Was Admitted to the Hospital

Multiple Choice

A 19-year-old female with type 1 DM was admitted to the hospital with the following lab values: serum glucose 500 milligrams per deciliter (high) , urine glucose and ketones 4+ (high) , and arterial pH 7.20 (low) .Her parents state that she has been sick with the "flu" for a week.Which of the following statements best explains her acidotic state?

A) Increased insulin levels promote protein breakdown and ketone formation.
B) Her uncontrolled diabetes has led to renal failure.
C) Low serum insulin promotes lipid storage and a corresponding release of ketones.
D) Insulin deficiency promotes lipid metabolism and ketone formation.