What Is the Immediate Source of the Energy Used to Synthesize

Multiple Choice

What is the immediate source of the energy used to synthesize ATP by oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells?

A) oxidation of glucose to CO₂ and water
B) the thermodynamically favorable flow of electrons from NADH to proteins associated with the mitochondrial electron transport chain
C) the transfer of protons and electrons to oxygen
D) the proton-motive force across the inner mitochondrial membrane
E) the thermodynamically favorable transfer of high-energy phosphate groups from molecules in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to ADP