For Each of the Following Sentences, Fill in the Blanks

Essay

For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below.Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase should be used only once.
$\begin{array}{lll}\text { cyclic GMP } & \text { IGF } & \text { NO } \\\text { Delta } & \mathrm{IP}_{3} & \text { phosphodiesterase } \\\text { diacylglycerol } & \text { MAP kinase } & \text { Ras }\end{array}$


Cells signal to one another in various ways.Some use extracellular signal molecules that are dissolved gases, such as __________ which can diffuse easily into cells.Most receptor tyrosine kinases activate __________ , a small GTP-binding protein found at the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane.Some intracellular signaling pathways involve a series of protein kinases that phosphorylate each other, as seen in the __________ signaling module.Lipids can also relay signals in the cell, as we observe when phospholipase C cleaves the sugar-phosphate head off a lipid molecule to generate the two small messenger molecules __________ (which remains embedded in the plasma membrane) and __________ (which diffuses into the cytosol).