Edward Had Tossed and Turned All Night, Sleeping Poorly, Worrying

Multiple Choice

Edward had tossed and turned all night, sleeping poorly, worrying about his production management responsibilities. Now, in this morning's meeting with Tanya, his best worker, he can barely stay awake, much less pay attention to what she is saying. The communication process is being hampered by

A) noise.
B) ambiguity.
C) perceptual bias.
D) a language barrier.
E) an attitudinal barrier.