A Japanese Psychologist by the Name of Sakai Observed Participants

Multiple Choice

A Japanese psychologist by the name of Sakai observed participants partaking in dissonance-reducing behaviors. Sakai also had a fellow group member of the participants observe the dissonance-reducing behavior. The observer then indicated how enjoyable he or she thought a boring task was. Results indicated that the observers experienced __________.

A) no dissonance and no dissonance reduction
B) strong dissonance
C) no dissonance reduction
D) a similar level of dissonance reduction as the participant