Question 1

Farel's research (cited by Aulette)compared children whose mothers stayed home with children whose mothers were employed.The researcher divided the mothers into groups: those who were pleased with their role and those who were not.Which group of children scored highest on several measures of social and cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children of mothers who stayed at home and who believed that working outside the home would be detrimental for their children.
B)  Children of mothers who stayed and home but wished they had paid jobs.
C)  Children of working mothers who were happy with their jobs.
D)  Children of working mothers who did not like their jobs. A

Question 2

Gerson (cited by Aulette)interviewed men about "negotiating the new terrain of work,family and gender" and grouped these men into general categories.She concluded that men face a dilemma and that men who resist family involvement and domestic participation do so

Accepted Answer

A)  in order to protect their benefits associated with traditional roles.
B)  for religious beliefs.
C)  because they are structural functionalists.
D)  because they are unskilled in domestic work. A

Question 3

When wives earn wages,

Accepted Answer

A)  it has little effect on their relationship with their husbands.
B)  it helps to move them in the direction of greater equality with their husbands.
C)  it tends to diminish their power relative to their husbands.
D)  it creates equality between themselves and their husbands. B

Question 4

Gerson (cited by Aulette)interviewed men about "negotiating the new terrain of work,family and gender." She found that "involved fathers" face a dilemma between

Accepted Answer

A)  spending time making money and spending time with their children.
B)  spending time with their wives and spending time with their children.
C)  pursuing a "fast track" or a "mommy-track" career path.
D)  being secretive or open about their parental involvement to avoid or risk being labeled "whipped" by more traditional male friends.

Question 5

If a job is stressful,employees may either use family to compensate for the emotional rewards that do not come at work or displace anger and frustration at home.Research cited by Aulette provides evidence that highly stressful occupations that may be related to high incidence of wife and child abuse include

Accepted Answer

A)  high-level executives.
B)  construction workers.
C)  police officers.
D)  middle-level managers.

Question 6

Harvey's research using the large National Longitudinal Survey of Youth examined the impact of mothers' working during the first three years of their child's life.The study found that the children of working mothers had __________ the children of nonworking mothers.

Accepted Answer

A)  more behavioral problems than
B)  had better cognitive development than
C)  both more behavioral problems and better cognitive development than
D)  no significant or lasting differences from

Question 7

Aulette divides explanations for why women entered the labor force in the 20th century into three groups,including all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Supply side
B)  Demand side
C)  Social Structural
D)  Cultural

Question 8

Aulette cites both Gerson and Zavella for their research on women and work.Gerson's work showed that women choose between two opposing roles: employees,or wives and mothers.Zavella's work shows that Chicanas

Accepted Answer

A)  shared this perception.
B)  felt that the two roles were contiguous; they worked because they wished to be better wives and mothers.
C)  tended to believe that the best choice for women was to be full-time housewives.
D)  relied on their mothers to raise their children so that they could devote themselves more completely to their wage-earning activities.

Question 9

Gerson (cited by Aulette)interviewed men about "negotiating the new terrain of work,family and gender" and grouped these men into three general categories.She concluded that the diversity of responses results from the diversity of exposure individual men have to the structural changes in our society.The first of these changes is

Accepted Answer

A)  a decline in economic opportunities for men.
B)  an improvement in economic opportunities for men.
C)  a decline in economic opportunities for women.
D)  a stronger connection between marriage and parenthood.

Question 10

Rosabeth Moss Kanter (cited by Aulette)lists five ways in which the organization of paid work affects families.________________ refers to the values and ideas promoted at work that influence the employee in his or her behavior at home.

Accepted Answer

A)  Absorptiveness
B)  Time and timing
C)  Worldview
D)  Emotional climate

Question 11

Aulette cites the work of Rosabeth Moss Kanter who identified five major effects of work on family including "Worldview," which is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  The amount of time a job requires and when the time is demanded.
B)  The extent to which a job draws in an employee and his or her family members.
C)  The values and ideas promoted at work that influence the employee in his or her behavior at home.
D)  The social-psychological influences at work that affect employees and their relationships in families.

Question 12

Hochschild's research,reported in her book,The Time Bind,shows that when companies offer family-friendly supports like flextime and family leave,

Accepted Answer

A)  both women and men take good,appropriate advantage of these options.
B)  employees tend to exploit these options,reducing hours or skipping work for minor and avoidable reasons.
C)  employees generally do not use these options because the work culture encourages them to work long hours.
D)  women are more likely than men to take advantage of these options.

Question 13

When male workers are studied in the sociology of work,researchers typically use

Accepted Answer

A)  a job model focusing on working conditions,opportunities,and problems in trying to understand their behavior at work and their expectations.
B)  a gender model focusing on personal characteristics and family circumstances to explain work behavior.
C)  a social structural model focusing on societal opportunities and problems.
D)  a cultural model focusing on values and belief systems that impact work expectations.

Question 14

The "Mommy Track" proposes that corporations distinguish between _______________,giving the former the "fast-track" treatment and the latter slower career development,less pressure to excel,and a goal of staying in the middle-management instead of competing for promotions so they can better balance careers and families.

Accepted Answer

A)  men and women
B)  employees without children and employees with children
C)  employees,male and female,who are "career primary" and employees who are "career and family" oriented.
D)  women who are "career primary" and women who are "career and family" oriented.

Question 15

Aulette divides explanations for why women entered the labor force in the 20th century into three groups.Which of the following theories argues that jobs identified as female occupations such as secretary,nurse,and waitress have increased,thus creating a need for women and enticing them to enter the labor force?

Accepted Answer

A)  Supply side
B)  Demand side
C)  Social structural
D)  Cultural

Question 16

Researchers studying the relationship between earnings and marital power have shown that exchange theory is most valid for

Accepted Answer

A)  couples comprised of one man and one woman.
B)  couples comprised of two men.
C)  couples comprised of two women.
D)  nonfamily interactions.

Question 17

Aulette cited a recent study which found that 82% of men between the ages of 20 and 39 ranked ____________ as highest on their list of priorities.

Accepted Answer

A)  family time
B)  money
C)  power
D)  prestige

Question 18

Gerson (cited by Aulette)interviewed men about "negotiating the new terrain of work,family and gender" and grouped these men into three general categories.She concluded that this diversity of responses is a result of the diversity of exposure individual men have to the structural changes in our society.These changes include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  a decline in economic opportunities for men.
B)  women's participation in the paid labor force.
C)  the expansion of alternatives to permanent marriage.
D)  a stronger connection between marriage and parenthood.

Question 19

Demand side theorists argue that women have increasingly entered the labor force because

Accepted Answer

A)  jobs identified as women's work,like waitressing and secretarial work,have increased.
B)  fewer children means women's labor is less needed at home.
C)  changes in health care and nutrition have increased women's life span.
D)  automation has made clothing production in factories cheaper than home sewing thus eliminating one of the tasks of housewives earlier in the century.

Question 20

Feldberg and Glenn (cited by Aulette)argue that two models for understanding work and family dominate: the job model and the gender model.All of the following are true of the job model EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  It is used to explain men's work behavior.
B)  It is used to explain women's work behavior.
C)  It focuses on working conditions in trying to understand worker's behavior.
D)  It assumes that family experience is pretty much unrelated to work experience.

Exam 6: Work and Family

Gerson (cited by Aulette) interviewed men about "negotiating the new terrain of work,family and gender" and grouped these men into general categories.She concluded that men face a dilemma and that men who resist family involvement and domestic participation do so