Which Description Best Describes the Factual Matrix Examined by the Courts

Multiple Choice

Which description best describes the factual matrix examined by the courts when interpreting contractual terms?

A) the evidence of the party's subjective intention or negotiations leading up to the contract
B) the background facts known to the parties when the contract was concluded
C) the plain meaning of the words used in the contract document itself
D) the impression of a 'reasonable bystander' of the parties' intentions