Wings May Not Necessarily Be a Key Innovation for Insecta

Multiple Choice

Wings may not necessarily be a key innovation for Insecta, but rather a key innovation for lineages within Insecta. For example, Coleoptera, the most diverse group of insects, have forewings that are modified as a hardened elytra and membranous hindwings for flight. How might wings have increased the success of Coleoptera?

A) The elytra protect the hindwings from desiccation and cold temperatures.
B) The elytra protect the hindwings from abrasion and tearing.
C) The elytra protect the beetle from predation.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above