Five-Year-Old Julian Has Learned That Loud Thunder Usually Follows a Bolt

Multiple Choice

Five-year-old Julian has learned that loud thunder usually follows a bolt of lightning. As soon as he sees lightning, he covers his ears to avoid the loud thunder. According to the two-factor theory of avoidance learning, covering his ears is reinforced because:

A) it stops him from seeing the lighting.
B) he starts to believe there will not be any thunder.
C) it removes the fear that has become associated with the thunder.
D) it removes the fear that has become associated with the lighting.