If a Robotic Probe Sent to Mars Is Designed to Return

Multiple Choice

If a robotic probe sent to Mars is designed to return a rock sample to Earth, how fast must the probe be launched from the surface of Mars in order to escape the gravity of Mars? For reference, Mars has a mass of 6 *10²³ kg and a radius of 3,400 km.

A) 100 m/s
B) 4,900 m/s
C) 20 m/s
D) 20,000 m/s
E) You must know the mass of the satellite to determine the answer.