A Researcher Does a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Study Where She Examines

Multiple Choice

A researcher does a one-group pretest-posttest study where she examines the effects of a reading program on children's reading comprehension level. She finds that the students' scores at the end of the school year are higher than at the beginning of the school year. She attributes the changes to the reading program. Her colleague argues you would expect that the children would improve anyway from the beginning of the year to the end of the year. Her colleague is arguing that the results are potentially due to:

A) History effect
B) Multiple-treatment interference
C) Testing effect
D) Maturation effect