Reference Groups Are Extremely Important to Marketers in Three Ways

Multiple Choice

Reference groups are extremely important to marketers in three ways: (1) They serve as information sources and influence perceptions; (2) they affect an individual's aspiration levels; and (3) ________________________________________.

A) their norms either constrain or stimulate consumer behavior
B) their connection to consumers is selective
C) they can have only negative implications directly influence consumer behavior.
D) they only stimulate high-end purchases by upper social classes