Seven-Year-Old Emma Thinks That the Expression "Too Many Cooks Spoil

Multiple Choice

Seven-year-old Emma thinks that the expression "Too many cooks spoil the broth" is only about cooking soup. Her inability to recognize the more general meaning of the expression:

A) Suggests a possible intellectual disability.
B) Is typical for her age-group.
C) Reveals preoperational reasoning.
D) Indicates that instruction in such expressions would definitely be in her zone of proximal development.