Applying the First Formulation of the Categorical Imperative to the Act

Multiple Choice

Applying the first formulation of the categorical imperative to the act of lying to a friend would show that the action is impermissible because

A) the action's maxim cannot be universalized.
B) performing the action would treat the friend as an end, not as a means.
C) performing the action would treat the friend as a means to an end.
D) the action's maxim can be universalized.