Imagine a Study Where Participants Were Given Jell-O Shots to Consume

Multiple Choice

Imagine a study where participants were given Jell-O shots to consume before participating in experiments where reaction time was measured.However, to the participants' surprise, the Jell-O shots were not made with alcohol.When the participants were debriefed and told that the Jell-O contained no alcohol, some participants refused to drive home until they had sobered up.The participants' responses indicate that __________ was a threat to internal validity.

A) diffusion of treatments
B) instrumentation
C) placebo effect
D) demand characteristics