Which of These Is a Reason Why Cause and Effect

Multiple Choice

Which of these is a reason why cause and effect is NOT assumed in correlational studies?

A) We know the direction of the relationship between the variables.
B) We know which variable came first to cause the effect in the other variable.
C) There could be another variable that causes the effect in both variables of interest.
D) We do not know the direction of the relationship but we do know which variable came first.