For the Data in the Source Table, What Decision Can

Multiple Choice

For the data in the source table, what decision can be made about the hypotheses being tested? $$\begin{array} { | l c | c c | c | } \hline \text { Source } & \text { SS } & d f & M S & F \\\hline \text { Between-groups } & 12.159 & 3 & 4.053 & \\\hline \text { Subjects } & 6.77 & 5 & 1.354 & \\\hline \text { Within-groups } & 20.4 & 15 & 1.360 & \\\hline \text { Total } & 39.329 & 23 & & \\\hline\end{array}$$

A) Fail to reject the null hypothesis because the F statistic does not exceed the critical cutoff.
B) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude there is no effect of the independent variable.
C) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude there are differences among the levels of the independent variable.
D) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude the independent variable has no effect.