Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes interstitial growth of cartilage?

Accepted Answer

A)   Growth occurs in the lining of the long bones.
B)   Chondrocytes in the lacunae divide and secrete matrix, allowing the cartilage to grow from within.
C)   Unspecialized cells from mesenchyme develop into chondrocytes, which divide and form cartilage.
D)   Fibroblasts give rise to chondrocytes that differentiate and form cartilage. B

Question 2

Mrs. Brown was outside on her patio cleaning windows when she fell off her step ladder and fractured her right hip. She had emergency surgery with an open reduction and internal fixation of the right hip. Three days postoperatively, she asks you if she will have trouble going through airport security. What hasprompted her concern?

Accepted Answer

Open (internal) reduction is the correction of the bone alignment through a surgical incision. It may include internal fixation of the fracture with the use of rods, wire, screws, pins, or nails, metal items that may trigger security alarms.

Question 3

At what age do bones reach their peak density?

Accepted Answer

A)   early adulthood
B)   at birth
C)   early childhood
D)   late adulthood A

Question 4

Compare how nutrients reach individual osteocytes in compact bone and in spongy bone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare how nutrients reach individual osteocytes in...

Question 5

Alice and James adopted a 3-year-old child from a developing country. They noticed that her legs were bowed and there were some deformities in her cranial and pelvic bones. They brought her to a physician for a diagnosis. What was the likely diagnosis, and what was the treatment for the disorder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alice and James adopted a 3-year-old child...

Question 6

In humans, the effect of the hormone calcitonin is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   temporarily decrease blood calcium levels when administered in large doses
B)   increase blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoblasts
C)   decrease mitosis of chondrocytes at the epiphyseal plate
D)   increase blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts

Question 7

Sixty-five percent of the mass of bone is a compound called hydroxyapatite.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The periosteum is a tissue that serves only to protect the bone because it is not supplied with nerves or blood vessels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The term osteoid refers to the organic part of the matrix of compact bones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which structure allows the diaphysis of the bone to increase in length until early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)   lacuna
B)   epiphyseal plate
C)   epiphyseal line
D)   osteon

Question 11

The pubic symphysis connects the two hip bones anteriorly and provides a little movement during childbirth. Choose the most appropriate tissue for this structure that is subjected to both pressure and stretch.

Accepted Answer

A)   hyaline cartilage
B)   bone
C)   fibrocartilage
D)   elastic cartilage

Question 12

Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   interstitial growth of the epiphyseal plates
B)   calcification of the matrix of the zone underlying articular cartilage
C)   the secretion of bone matrix into the medullary cavity
D)   differentiation of osteoclasts into osteocytes

Question 13

Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fat
B)   elastic tissue
C)   blood-forming cells
D)   Sharpey's fibers

Question 14

Which of the following is the single most important stimulus for epiphyseal plate activity during infancy and childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)   thyroid hormone
B)   calcium
C)   growth hormone
D)   parathyroid hormone

Question 15

Which bone would likely take the longest to heal?

Accepted Answer

A)   thigh bone of a young individual
B)   finger bone of a young individual
C)   finger bone of an elderly individual
D)   thigh bone of an elderly individual

Question 16

Compact bone is replaced more often than spongy bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The hormone that is primarily involved in the control of bone remodeling is calcitonin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

When an osteoblast becomes completely surrounded by its own matrix secretions it is referred to as a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   osteogenic cell
B)   osteocyte
C)   chondrocyte
D)   osteoclast

Question 19

The structure of bone tissue suits the function. Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand torsion stresses?

Accepted Answer

A)   trabecular bone
B)   spongy bone
C)   irregular bone
D)   compact bone

Question 20

Skeletal remains are discovered at an archeological site. X-rays of the femur show evidence of a thin epiphyseal plate. This bone likely belonged to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   8-year-old female
B)   25-year-old female
C)   60-year-old male
D)   18-year-old male

Exam 6: Bones and Skeletal Tissues

Which of the following statements best describes interstitial growth of cartilage?

At what age do bones reach their peak density?

Compare how nutrients reach individual osteocytes in compact bone and in spongy bone.

Alice and James adopted a 3-year-old child from a developing country. They noticed that her legs were bowed and there were some deformities in her cranial and pelvic bones. They brought her to a physician for a diagnosis. What was the likely diagnosis, and what was the treatment for the disorder?

In humans, the effect of the hormone calcitonin is to ________.

Sixty-five percent of the mass of bone is a compound called hydroxyapatite.

The periosteum is a tissue that serves only to protect the bone because it is not supplied with nerves or blood vessels.

The term osteoid refers to the organic part of the matrix of compact bones.

Which structure allows the diaphysis of the bone to increase in length until early childhood?

The pubic symphysis connects the two hip bones anteriorly and provides a little movement during childbirth. Choose the most appropriate tissue for this structure that is subjected to both pressure and stretch.

Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through ________.

Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of ________.

Which of the following is the single most important stimulus for epiphyseal plate activity during infancy and childhood?

Which bone would likely take the longest to heal?

Compact bone is replaced more often than spongy bone.

The hormone that is primarily involved in the control of bone remodeling is calcitonin.

When an osteoblast becomes completely surrounded by its own matrix secretions it is referred to as a(n) ________.

The structure of bone tissue suits the function. Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand torsion stresses?

Skeletal remains are discovered at an archeological site. X-rays of the femur show evidence of a thin epiphyseal plate. This bone likely belonged to which of the following?