The Origin of the Surface Tension of Water at the Water-Air

Multiple Choice

The origin of the surface tension of water at the water-air interface is

A) Air pressure pushing on the water surface
B) Water molecules attracting other water molecules more than the air attracts them
C) W ater in the bulk phase being at a higher energy than water at the surface
D) Attractive forces of air molecules that tend to exclude the water
E) The hydrophilic nature of air molecules