Question 1

Consolidation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  confirming the accuracy of a remembered event 
B)  forgetting a memory in old age 
C)  transforming information from temporary to permanent storage 
D)  merging memories together C

Question 2

A key difference between episodic memory and semantic memory is that

Accepted Answer

A)  Episodic memories can be remembered with an active reconstruction of the actual recalled event, while semantic memories typically involve a 'feeling of knowing' rather than a fully conscious recollection of an event 
B)  Episodic memories are less susceptible to forgetting than semantic memories 
C)  Episodic memories typically involve a 'feeling of knowing' rather than a fully conscious recollection of an event, while semantic memories can be remembered with an active reconstruction of the actual recalled event 
D)  Episodic memories are relatively independent of context, while semantic memories are context-dependent A

Question 3

A key difference between short-term memory and long-term memory is that

Accepted Answer

A)  Short-term memory is sensitive to disruption, while long-term memory is more resistant to disruption 
B)  Short-term memory is relatively insensitive to disruption, while long-term memory is sensitive to disruption 
C)  Short-term memory lasts from days to weeks, while long-term memory lasts from seconds to hours 
D)  Short-term memory processes are largely localized to the sensory cortex, while long-term memory processes are distributed throughout the neocortex A

Question 4

The "anterograde amnesia" experienced by patient HM refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  his inability to form new memories 
B)  his inability to recall events shortly before his surgery 
C)  his relatively intact short term memory 
D)  his ability to recall experiences from his childhood

Question 5

An individual who seems to have normal intelligence but who has a severe loss of memory for personal experiences is likely

Accepted Answer

A)  to be suffering from amnesia 
B)  to have difficulty in everyday conversations 
C)  to have impaired implicit thinking 
D)  all of the above

Question 6

memory involves facts about the world while memory involves specific events at specific times and places.

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic, semantic 
B)  semantic, episodic 
C)  explicit, implicit 
D)  implicit, explicit

Question 7

Voluntary actions are related to ________ processes while involuntary actions are related to __________ processes.

Accepted Answer

A)  explicit, implicit 
B)  verbal working memory, visual working memory 
C)  procedural, declarative 
D)  syntactic, semantic

Question 8

Which is the best example of divided attention?

Accepted Answer

A)  scanning a crowd looking for a friend 
B)  changing clothes in the dark 
C)  watching the lip movements of a singer while listening to the song 
D)  playing online poker while studying for a midterm

Question 9

Explicit memory operates

Accepted Answer

A)  unconsciously 
B)  consciously 
C)  slowly 
D)  quickly

Question 10

Which of the following is not a type of human memory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Working 
B)  Implicit 
C)  Semantic 
D)  Syntax

Question 11

Memory consolidation is thought to occur in the while conscious recollection of episodic memories requires the .

Accepted Answer

A)  neocortex, medial temporal lobe 
B)  medial temporal lobe, hippocampus 
C)  hippocampus, neocortex 
D)  prefrontal cortex, hippocampus

Question 12

Young children can immediately repeat short sentences spoken by their parents and siblings, and then start to produce new sentences that also follow the rules of their native language. The ability to produce new, rule-governed sentences is thought to involve what kind of learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  explicit 
B)  implicit 
C)  short term 
D)  working

Question 13

Working memory is traditionally divided into

Accepted Answer

A)  voluntary and unconscious processes 
B)  learning and retrieval 
C)  short term and long term 
D)  visual and verbal components

Question 14

The typical time span of long term memory is

Accepted Answer

A)  milliseconds to seconds 
B)  seconds to hours 
C)  hours to months 
D)  months to lifetime

Question 15

Mechanisms believed to be involved in turning temporary synaptic connections into long-lasting memory traces are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Long term excitation and short term inhibition 
B)  long term potentiation and long term depression 
C)  implicit thinking and explicit memory formation 
D)  located in the prefrontal lobe

Question 16

Maintaining working memory contents for a dozen seconds requires:

Accepted Answer

A)  the prefrontal cortex 
B)  the medial temporal lobe 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  amygdala

Exam 9: Learning and Memory