Determine Which of the Lettered Claims Below Is Equivalent to the Following

Multiple Choice

Determine which of the lettered claims below is equivalent to the following: It's necessary for Steve to be tested in order for him to give blood. (This is easy to do if you symbolize the claims first and have some familiarity either with truth tables or with the Group II rules for derivations-the truth-functional equivalences.)

A) If Steve can give blood, then he has been tested.
B) If Steve has been tested, then he can give blood.
C) Steve cannot give blood, and he has not been tested.
D) Steve has not been tested, but he can give blood.