Is Either Visually Based Retrieval or Phonological Recoding a Direct

Multiple Choice

Is either visually based retrieval or phonological recoding a direct way of identifying words?

A) Yes; both are direct ways of identifying words.
B) Yes; visually based retrieval is a direct way of
identifying words.
C) Yes; phonological recoding is a direct way of
identifying words.
D) No; neither visually based retrieval nor phonological recoding is a direct way of identifying words.