Psychologist Elizabeth Loftus Had Participants in One Study Watch a Film

Multiple Choice

Psychologist Elizabeth Loftus had participants in one study watch a film about an auto accident, write a description of the accident, and then answer a series of questions, which were different for different groups of participants. A week later, the participants were questioned again. What was one basic finding of the study?

A) Participants who were asked how fast the cars were going when they "contacted each other" gave the highest speed estimates.
B) Participants who had themselves been in auto accidents confused details of their own accidents with details from the film, an example of source confusion.
C) Participants who were shown photographs of the drivers and passengers had more vivid memories of the accident than participants who did not see photographs, an example of imagination inflation.
D) Participants who were asked how fast the cars were going when they "smashed into each other" mistakenly remembered seeing broken glass in the film, an example of the misinformation effect.