When Uncle Sal Tells His Two Nephews to Choose a Number

Multiple Choice

When Uncle Sal tells his two nephews to choose a number between 1 and 100, they both usually guess numbers on the low side of the range. If, however, he tells them to guess a number between 100 and 1, they tend to guess closer to the high end of the range. This demonstrates how ________ influences thinking processes.

A) the availability heuristic
B) anchoring
C) the base rate fallacy
D) the confirmation bias
E) functional fixedness