"My Idea Will Make Us a Lot of Money, and It's

Multiple Choice

"My idea will make us a lot of money, and it's by far the best idea offered!" John exclaimed. His division manager replied, "I agree that your idea has promise. However, your idea has no supporting data or facts. Meanwhile, your two colleagues submitted business plans for their ideas that specified gains of 15 and 22 percent, respectively, and their plans were submitted last week before the deadline expired." John was using ________ to advance his position.

A) illusion of control
B) framing effects
C) discounting the future
D) groupthink
E) devil's advocacy