Bill Jr Works on the Line at Cloverleaf Automotive Just Like

Multiple Choice

Bill Jr. works on the line at Cloverleaf Automotive just like his father-popularly known among the old-timers as Bill Sr.-before him. But recently Bill Jr., along with all his coworkers, received something that would have been unheard-of in Bill Sr.'s day: a packet outlining the company's financial goals, income statements, and other information about Cloverleaf Automotive's past performance and future prospects. This sharing of material that was once meant exclusively for management's eyes only is an example of

A) the boundaryless organization.
B) horizontal communication.
C) decentralized management.
D) management by objectives.
E) open-book management.