How Does Inefficient Transfer of Energy Among Trophic Levels Result

Multiple Choice

How does inefficient transfer of energy among trophic levels result in the typically high endangerment status of many top-level predators?

A) Top-level predators are destined to have small populations that are sparsely distributed.
B) Predators have relatively large population sizes.
C) Predators are more disease-prone than animals at lower trophic levels.
D) Predators have short life spans and short reproductive periods.
E) Top-level predators are more likely to be stricken with parasites.