Another school district also planned to evaluate two different workbooks and two distinct teaching machines to assess their effectiveness in teaching the concept of multiplication. However, the administrators in this school district consulted a statistician about the design of their study. Because they were looking for a method effective on children of all abilities, the statistician suggested they check the children's past scholastic records and divide the children into groups according to their ability level. These ability groups represent relatively homogeneous experimental units within which the comparison of teaching methods may be made. She assigned one child from each ability level to each teaching method. Twenty students participated in the study. After receiving instruction, the children took a multiplication test and the number of errors they made were recorded.

What experimental design did the statistician use?
________________________________________________________
The null and alternate hypotheses are as follows:

: The three population distributions are identical.

: At least two of the three population distributions differ in location.
Describe what the test statistic

is.
________________________________________________________
Test Statistic:

= ______________
Reject Region:
Reject

if F > ______________
Conclude: ______________
The teaching methods ______________ equally effective.
Estimate the observed significance level of this test.
______________

In All Applications of the Kruskal-Wallis Test, the Alternative Hypothesis

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