Visa and MasterCard Have Recently Been Accused of Violating Antitrust

Multiple Choice

Visa and MasterCard have recently been accused of violating antitrust laws by improperly fixing credit and debit card fees (known as swipe fees) paid by retailers to use their services, creating an anti-competitive environment. Legislation that prohibits price-fixing is an example of ________ forces that affect the marketing environment.

A) economic
B) ecological
C) technological
D) regulatory
E) social