Kimberly Wants to Know Whether Running on a Treadmill Leads

Multiple Choice

Kimberly wants to know whether running on a treadmill leads to more weight loss than running outside. To test this hypothesis, she randomly assigns participants to either run on a treadmill or run on an outdoor trail. She then measures their weight loss. Would it be appropriate for her to analyze her data using an independent samples t-test?

A) No, because she is measuring a naturally occurring relationship.
B) Perhaps, but only if she has an adequate number of participants.
C) No, because she fails to manipulate the independent variable.
D) Yes, because this is a two-group experimental design.