The Notion That Students Who Are Expelled from School for Disruptive

Multiple Choice

The notion that students who are expelled from school for disruptive behavior are then consigned to the homes and neighborhoods of negative influences where their problems began, causing them to become stigmatized, more hardened and embittered, and often more engaged in criminality is called ______.

A) mass incarceration
B) the school-to-prison pipeline
C) educational apathy
D) the Hawthorne effect