Toby and Karen Just Met Their New Neighbour, Justine

Multiple Choice

Toby and Karen just met their new neighbour, Justine. Toby repeats Justine's name over and over to remember it. Meanwhile, Karen notes that Justine is leaving "just in time" to get dinner on the table. The following day, who is more likely to recall the neighbour's name and why?

A) Toby, because his attempt took less effort.
B) Toby, because rote rehearsal is the most effective way to encode information.
C) Neither is more likely than the other to remember Justine's name.
D) Karen, because she encoded the name by elaborating on it with other information.
E) Karen, because her attempt was more complicated.