Four of the Five Following Elements, When Proved Against a Defendant

Multiple Choice

Four of the five following elements, when proved against a defendant, would constitute a successful action in negligence. Which one of the five would not?

A) There was a duty not to injure.
B) The defendant breached the standard of care.
C) There was damage that was foreseeable by a reasonable person.
D) The duty of the defendant was unclear in the legal sense.
E) The defendant was the proximate cause (causation) of the damage.