The Commodity Substitution Bias Is Most Likely to Put ________

Multiple Choice

The commodity substitution bias is most likely to put ________ into the CPI and so ________ the inflation rate.

A) an upward bias; understate
B) a random bias; randomly overstate or understate
C) a downward bias; understate
D) an upward bias; overstate
E) a downward bias; overstate