Sam Receives an E-Mail Invitation to Interview for a Job

Multiple Choice

Sam receives an e-mail invitation to interview for a job at an engineering firm. When she arrives, she is struck by the very male-dominated culture. Sam begins to wonder whether it was originally assumed that she was a male candidate. Prior to taking a Wechsler intelligence test that they administer to all job candidates, Sam overhears someone whisper, "No woman has ever scored high on this test here before." Although Sam is highly intelligent and wanted the job, what is the MOST likely explanation for her poor test performance that day?

A) Sam suffered the negative impact of stereotype threat.
B) The intelligence test was low in reliability and validity.
C) The test was culturally biased against women.
D) Sam was bothered by the amount of test bias.