Question 1

According to Murphy and Dillon, a common element in evaluation is:

Accepted Answer

A) An assessment of baseline functioning. 
B) Supervisory evaluation of the clinician's work with the client. 
C) The client is debriefed by the supervisor about the clinician's effectiveness and likeability. 
D) Never using the same measurement, using many different measurements at different times in the work. A

Question 2

Discuss three principles of good evaluation.

Accepted Answer

Three principles of good evaluation include:

1. Validity: This principle refers to the accuracy and truthfulness of the evaluation results. It is important for an evaluation to measure what it is intended to measure. To ensure validity, evaluators must use appropriate methods and tools that align with the goals and objectives of the evaluation.

2. Reliability: Reliability is the consistency and stability of the evaluation results. It is essential for an evaluation to produce consistent results when the same methods are used in similar conditions. To achieve reliability, evaluators must use standardized procedures, ensure data quality, and minimize errors and biases in the evaluation process.

3. Utility: Utility refers to the usefulness and relevance of the evaluation results for decision-making and improvement. A good evaluation should provide actionable insights and recommendations that can inform programmatic and policy decisions. To enhance utility, evaluators should engage stakeholders in the evaluation process, communicate findings effectively, and tailor the evaluation approach to meet the specific needs of the intended users.

By adhering to these principles, evaluators can ensure that their evaluations are credible, informative, and valuable for driving positive change and improvement.

Question 3

Murphy and Dillon describe a number of methods clinicians can use to help clients resolve their ambivalence about change. Describe three of these techniques.

Accepted Answer

1. Motivational Interviewing: This technique involves the clinician using open-ended questions, reflective listening, and affirmations to help the client explore their ambivalence about change. By guiding the client to express their own reasons for change, the clinician can help them resolve their ambivalence and increase their motivation for making positive changes.

2. Decisional Balance: This technique involves helping the client weigh the pros and cons of making a change. By exploring the potential benefits and drawbacks of change, the client can gain a clearer understanding of their ambivalence and make a more informed decision about whether to pursue change.

3. Goal Setting: This technique involves collaboratively setting specific, achievable goals with the client. By breaking down the change process into smaller, manageable steps, the client can feel more empowered and motivated to overcome their ambivalence and work towards positive change.

Question 4

The broad term used to describe practice that is based on the results of empirical scientific research on clinical expertise, interventions, patients' needs, values and preferences is called:

Accepted Answer

A) Clinical practice. 
B) Psychological theory. 
C) Empirically-supported treatment. 
D) Evidence-based practice. 
E) Managed care.

Question 5

Spontaneous remission refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) A client's sudden change of heart. 
B) Medication solving the problem quickly. 
C) The disappearance of symptoms without professional help. 
D) The sudden onset of symptoms without any known cause.

Question 6

After collaborative assessment and conceptualization, the next step in clinical work is:

Accepted Answer

A) Evaluation 
B) Testing 
C) Establishing a treatment plan 
D) Working with feelings

Question 7

List and describe the stages of change proposed by Prochaska and DiClemente.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and describe the stages of change...

Question 8

Motivational Interviewing involves all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) Engaging the client through empathetic understanding 
B) Focusing, helping the client establish what he or she wants to change 
C) Evoking the client's motivation to change 
D) Establishing rules and consequences for what will happen if the client does not participate in the change process 
E) Planning for and committing to actions necessary to change

Question 9

Name four components that should be included in all contracts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name four components that should be included...

Question 10

Resistance:

Accepted Answer

A) May be due to ambivalence, self-doubt and fear of the client to change. 
B) May be a product of relational disconnections and empathic failures. 
C) May mean the clinician has not found the right way to join the client's perspective. 
D) May be due to contextual factors such as lack of resources, agency policies. 
E) All of the above

Question 11

Describe the difference between a treatment plan and a contract.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the difference between a treatment plan...

Question 12

Research that gives us information about a group of individuals in general is called:

Accepted Answer

A) Nomothetic. 
B) Cultural bound. 
C) Idiographic. 
D) Eclectic.

Question 13

Contracts should always be:

Accepted Answer

A) Constructed by the clinician in consultation with a supervisor. 
B) Constructed by the clinician and client. 
C) Printed up by agency for distribution to clients. 
D) Informational about the client's limitations and shortcomings.

Question 14

Explain what the Stone Center proponents of Relational-Cultural Theory mean when they say "resistance is relational" and not just a force within the client.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain what the Stone Center proponents of...

Question 15

The treatment plan should be include:

Accepted Answer

A) The goals of the work together 
B) Methods and techniques to be used 
C) Plans about evaluation 
D) Potential risks 
E) All of the above

Question 16

In this stage of change, the client establishes goals for change and outlines small-steps:

Accepted Answer

A) Contemplation 
B) Preparation 
C) Action 
D) Pre-contemplation

Exam 8: Building Motivation, Formulating Plans, and Evaluating Change