What Was the Basis for the Bishop of Rome's Claims

Multiple Choice

What was the basis for the Bishop of Rome's claims to superior authority in Christendom?

A) The fact that Rome was the capital of the Roman Empire
B) The existence of the catacombs in Rome
C) Jesus' statement that his followers should "give unto Caesar what is Caesar's"
D) Jesus' statement to the disciple Peter that "you are Peter, and on this rock I shall build my church"
E) Like Jesus, the Pope is the incarnation of God