Question 1

Which of the following lung volumes represents the vital capacity of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A) Residual, expiratory reserve, tidal volume 
B) Inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal volume 
C) Expiratory reserve, tidal, residual volume 
D) Residual, inspiratory reserve, tidal volume B

Question 2

Which of the following statements BEST describes the function of the diaphragm during deep inspiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Dome of diaphragm descends, lifts upper ribs increasing anterior/posterior diameter of thorax 
B) Dome of diaphragm descends, increases vertical thorax diameter, lifts lower ribs up and outward 
C) Dome of diaphragm ascends, decreases vertical thorax diameter, lifts lower ribs up and outward 
D) Dome of diaphragm ascends, lifts upper ribs increasing anterior/posterior diameter of thorax B

Question 3

-Which of the following statements BEST describes forced expiration?

Accepted Answer

A) An active process requiring contraction of abdominal muscles 
B) A passive process as the diaphragm contracts 
C) A passive process requiring contraction of abdominal muscles 
D) An active process as the abdominal muscles and diaphragm contract A

Question 4

What is the function of the scalene muscles during quiet ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A) They retract the cervical spine to open the airway. 
B) They are not active during quiet ventilation. 
C) They laterally flex the cervical spine. 
D) They lift the first two ribs and sternum.

Question 5

-Which of the following statements BEST describes the muscle function as depicted by the arrows in the image?

Accepted Answer

A) Sternocleidomastoid pulls the sternum toward the humerus to assist with inspiration 
B) Sternocleidomastoid pulls the sternum toward the humerus to assist with expiration 
C) Pectoralis major pulls the sternum toward the humerus to assist with inspiration 
D) Pectoralis major pulls the sternum toward the humerus to assist with expiration

Question 6

Which of the following bony structures form the thorax?

Accepted Answer

A) Cervicothoracic vertebrae, ribs, sternum 
B) Cervical vertebrae, ribs, sternum 
C) Thoracic vertebrae, ribs, sternum 
D) Thoracolumbar vertebrae, ribs, sternum

Question 7

Which lung volume represents the air remaining in the lungs after maximal expiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Expiratory reserve volume 
B) Tidal volume 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Residual volume

Question 8

Which of the following factors are associated with quiet ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased metabolic demands, decreased rate and depth of ventilation 
B) Decreased metabolic demands, increased rate and depth of ventilation 
C) Increased metabolic demands, decreased rate and depth of ventilation 
D) Increased metabolic demands, increased rate and depth of ventilation

Question 9

What factors are involved with increasing the energy requirements of breathing as people age?

Accepted Answer

A) Decrease in cross-links in collagen fibers of connective tissues 
B) Decrease in residual lung volumes 
C) Decrease in rib calcification 
D) Decrease in chest wall mobility, change in spinal curves, alveoli thickening

Question 10

Which lung volume represents the air moving in and out of the lungs during quiet ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A) Expiratory reserve volume 
B) Tidal volume 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Residual volume

Question 11

Which lung volume represents the air moving out of the lungs after quiet expiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Expiratory reserve volume 
B) Tidal volume 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Residual volume

Question 12

Which of the following factors are associated with forced ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased metabolic demands, decreased rate and depth of ventilation 
B) Decreased metabolic demands, increased rate and depth of ventilation 
C) Increased metabolic demands, decreased rate and depth of ventilation 
D) Increased metabolic demands, increased rate and depth of ventilation

Question 13

Which of the following statements BEST describes the kinematics of expiration during regular breathing in healthy people?

Accepted Answer

A) Diaphragm contracts resulting in passive movement of air out of lungs 
B) Diaphragm relaxes, increases thoracic volume, decreasing lung pressure 
C) Diaphragm contracts, decreases thoracic volume, pushing air out of lungs 
D) Diaphragm relaxes, increases intrapulmonary pressure, resulting in passive movement of air out

Question 14

What is the innervation of the diaphragm muscle?

Accepted Answer

A) C6-T4, phrenic nerve 
B) T7-T12, intercostal nerves 
C) C3-C5, phrenic nerve 
D) T1-T6, intercostal nerves

Question 15

What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscles during forced ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A) They retract the cervical spine to open the airway. 
B) They are not active during quiet ventilation. 
C) They laterally flex the cervical spine. 
D) They lift the first two ribs and sternum.

Question 16

Which muscle(s) serves(serve) as the primary ventilatory muscle during quiet inspiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Scalenes 
B) Diaphragm 
C) Intercostals 
D) Rectus abdominis

Question 17

Which of the following statements BEST describes the movement of ribs 2-7 and the sternum during inspiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Sternum moves ventrally, ribs move in sagittal plane increasing anterior/posterior diameter 
B) Ribs lift up and outward in the frontal plane 
C) Little movement of the ribs occurs during ventilation 
D) Sternum moves inferiorly, ribs move anteriorly and laterally

Question 18

Which ribs form the costovertebral joints?

Accepted Answer

A) 2-12 
B) 2-7 
C) 1-12 
D) 5-10

Question 19

Which lung volume represents the air moving in the lungs during deep breathing?

Accepted Answer

A) Expiratory reserve volume and tidal volume 
B) Tidal volume 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume and tidal volume 
D) Residual volume

Question 20

Which ribs form the costotransverse joints?

Accepted Answer

A) 1-10 
B) 2-7 
C) 1-12 
D) 5-10

Exam 6: Structure and Ventilation Function of the Thorax

Which of the following lung volumes represents the vital capacity of the lungs?

Which of the following statements BEST describes the function of the diaphragm during deep inspiration?

-Which of the following statements BEST describes forced expiration?

What is the function of the scalene muscles during quiet ventilation?

-Which of the following statements BEST describes the muscle function as depicted by the arrows in the image?

Which of the following bony structures form the thorax?

Which lung volume represents the air remaining in the lungs after maximal expiration?

Which of the following factors are associated with quiet ventilation?

What factors are involved with increasing the energy requirements of breathing as people age?

Which lung volume represents the air moving in and out of the lungs during quiet ventilation?

Which lung volume represents the air moving out of the lungs after quiet expiration?

Which of the following factors are associated with forced ventilation?

Which of the following statements BEST describes the kinematics of expiration during regular breathing in healthy people?

What is the innervation of the diaphragm muscle?

What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscles during forced ventilation?

Which muscle(s) serves(serve) as the primary ventilatory muscle during quiet inspiration?

Which of the following statements BEST describes the movement of ribs 2-7 and the sternum during inspiration?

Which ribs form the costovertebral joints?

Which lung volume represents the air moving in the lungs during deep breathing?

Which ribs form the costotransverse joints?