The Diagrams Represent Various States of Abnormal Hydration

Short Answer

The diagrams represent various states of abnormal hydration. In each diagram, the normal state (solid lines) is superimposed on the abnormal state (dashed lines) to illustrate the shifts in the volumes (width of rectangles) and total osmolarities (height of rectangles) of the extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid compartments.

-A 22-year-old man runs a 10 km race on a 90 °F day. If he loses 3 liters of sweat and also drinks 3 liters of water during the race, which of the following changes would you expect, compared with normal, after absorption of the water? $\begin{array}{llll}\text { Intracellular } & \text { Intracellular } & \text { Extracellular } & \text { Extracellular } \\\text { Volume } & \text { Osmolarity } & \text { Volume } & \text { Osmolarity } \\\hline A.& \uparrow & \uparrow & \uparrow & \uparrow \\B.&\uparrow & \downarrow & \downarrow& \downarrow \\C.&\leftrightarrow & \downarrow& \leftrightarrow & \leftrightarrow \\D.&\downarrow& \uparrow & \uparrow & \uparrow \\E.&\downarrow & \downarrow & \downarrow& \downarrow\\\end{array}$