Gemma Is Alone When She Sees a Person Who Appears

Multiple Choice

Gemma is alone when she sees a person who appears to be drowning in the ocean. She wants to help, but questions whether her swimming ability will allow her to rescue the individual. It appears that Gemma is stuck at the __________ step of Darley and Latané's (1968) model of bystander intervention.

A) noticing
B) defining an emergency
C) taking responsibility
D) planning a course of action