Consider the Remarkable Structure of the F1Fo ATP Synthase Shown

Short Answer

Consider the remarkable structure of the F1Fo ATP synthase shown in the following schematic drawing. Answer the following question(s) based on the structure.

-In Escherichia coli, the c ring of ATP synthase is composed of 12 c subunits. For one fully productive revolution of this ring, how many protons are transported across the membrane for each molecule of ATP produced? Write down your answer as a number, rounded to the nearest integer, e.g. 17.