Why Did the States of the Upper South Join the Confederacy

Multiple Choice

Why did the states of the Upper South join the Confederacy?

A) Richmond was designated the capital of the Confederacy.
B) Lincoln announced his intention of appointing William Seward as secretary of state.
C) The Crittenden compromise was rejected.
D) Lincoln called for volunteers to suppress the rebellion in the Lower South.
E) Northern troops were defeated at the first battle of Manassas.