Leena's and Ruth's Mother Takes Them to See a Dermatologist

Multiple Choice

Leena's and Ruth's mother takes them to see a dermatologist for their acne. The dermatologist, Dr. Pore, sees each daughter separately but prescribes the same medication for both. Dr. Pore tells Leena the medication has a 75% effectiveness rate. She tells Ruth the medication has a 25% failure rate. Leena leaves the appointment more optimistic than Ruth. This is an example of ____.

A) the affect heuristic
B) a framing effect
C) utility theory
D) cost‑benefit analysis