What Provides the Energy for the Conversion from the Open

Multiple Choice

What provides the energy for the conversion from the open complex to chain elongation?

A) ATP hydrolysis distinct from any incorporation into the chain.
B) Nucleotide hydrolysis associated with incorporation into the chain.
C) Torsional stress built into the separating DNA strands.
D) Binding of rho ( ρ ) factor to the holoenzyme.
E) None of these