By Promoting Third-Party Payment of Health-Care Expenses and the Purchase

Multiple Choice

By promoting third-party payment of health-care expenses and the purchase of health insurance through employers, health-care policy has

A) eroded the incentive of health-care consumers and providers to economize.
B) undermined the smooth operation of health-care markets.
C) made it more costly for persons without a job to obtain health insurance.
D) done all of the above.