Refer to the Figure

Multiple Choice

Refer to the figure.
Based on these findings, the male red-collared widowbird's tail length and red collar are

A) deceitful signals because they incur a cost to the receiver.
B) honest signals because males are incapable of cheating the system by investing in both traits.
C) badges of status because they indicate the male's dominance status.
D) redundant signals because they increase robustness of the same information.