A Researcher Is Interested in Understanding the Different Alarm Calls

Essay

A researcher is interested in understanding the different alarm calls and responses given by Japanese tits to different predators. The researcher hypothesizes that Japanese tits give different alarm calls depending on the type of predator that they see (for instance, a snake versus a crow) in order to illicit a different antipredator response. Briefly describe how the researcher could study this behavior using an observational, an experimental, and a comparative approach, and note a cost and benefit of each approach.