In the Traditional Concept of Causality, Which of the Following

Multiple Choice

In the traditional concept of causality, which of the following criteria must be met to establish that X is a cause of Y?

A) X must be a necessary condition, in the absence of which Y will not occur
B) X must be a sufficient condition, so that Y always occurs in the presence of X
C) changes in X must be correlated with changes in Y
D) changes in X must precede changes in Y
E) a and b